第7講 介詞

 

　　別看介詞是一種虛詞，它在句中的作用卻非常重要。它用來(lái)表明名詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系，

 

　　不能單獨(dú)使用。�？键c(diǎn)包括一些固定搭配和一些近義詞。固定搭配如：on one's way 　　home,help...with,send for,be interested in..., be late for, be angry  with,be good at等。當(dāng)然這需要你好好記憶了。

 

　　常用介詞解析及用法比較：

 

　　at,on和in：這三個(gè)介詞在試卷中的出現(xiàn)頻率極高。對(duì)于它們的的分辨只要記住一句話就可以了。at表示點(diǎn)，on表示線，in表示面。什么意思呢？也就是說(shuō)它們表達(dá)的范圍逐漸增大。at six o'clock, at noon, at the age of sixteen等用at表示時(shí)刻或時(shí)間的點(diǎn)以及年齡。on具體到一周中的各天,日期及某特定的一天早上,下午,晚上：on Saturday，on July 1st，on my birthday，on the morning of July 16th，on a spring afternoon。in表達(dá)的范圍更大一些。與世紀(jì)、年代、季節(jié)、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等連用。如：in the seventh century，in 1950's ,in 2000, in the morning等。

 

　　for,since：for表示多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。since后接時(shí)間起點(diǎn),其終點(diǎn)往往為現(xiàn)在，常與完成時(shí)連用。牢牢記住喲。

 

　　after, in ：這兩個(gè)介詞都可以表示時(shí)間"在以后"的意思。其區(qū)別是：after 以過去為起點(diǎn)，表示過去一段時(shí)間之后，常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子；in 以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子。

 

　　by，with，in：by表示"以...的方式，方法，手段" 和 "乘某種交通工具"；with指"借助于具體的手段或工具"；in 表示"以......方式，用語(yǔ)言，文字等媒介"。

 

　　for和of：試比較：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock. It's kind of you to help me.

 

　　兩句中介詞的選擇依據(jù)其前形容詞而定,一般來(lái)說(shuō),of之前的形容詞往往是用于描寫人的品質(zhì)的好壞，人自身的特點(diǎn)，如聰明與否，細(xì)心與粗心等；for之前的形容詞用于描寫事物的特點(diǎn)，如可能性，必然性，難易程度等。

 

　　好，又到了趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，來(lái)檢測(cè)一下你的學(xué)習(xí)成效如何？

 

　　練習(xí)：

 

　　1. Can you tell the story ______Russian?

 

　　A. with

 

　　B. in

 

　　C. on

 

　　D. by

 

　　2. Here are some birthday cards ______ our teachers, ______ our best wishes.

 

　　A. of, with

 

　　B. for, with

 

　　C. of, in

 

　　D. for, in

 

　　3. The visitors _______Japan arrived _____ Beijing station last Tuesday morning .

 

　　A. from, at

 

　　B. of , to

 

　　C. from , to

 

　　D. of, on

 

　　4. He's badly hurt, we must send _____ a doctor at once.

 

　　A. to

 

　　B. up

 

　　C. on

 

　　D. for

 

　　5. Do you usually come to school ______ foot or _____- bike?

 

　　A. by ... by

 

　　B. on... on

 

　　C. on ... by

 

　　D. by ... on

 

　　6. --when was Jim born?

 

　　--______July, 18,1978.

 

　　A.on

 

　　B.at

 

　　C. in

 

　　D.to

 

　　7. WeiFang bought a new pen at a shop _____ her way home.

 

　　A. on

 

　　B. at

 

　　C. in

 

　　D. to

 

　　8. Don't tell anybody about it. Keep it a secret _______ you and me.

 

　　A. among

 

　　B. between

 

　　C. in

 

　　D. with

 

　　9. The teacher will be back ______ an hour.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B. after

 

　　C. of

 

　　D. at

 

　　10. -- How long have you been in Beijing ?

 

　　--I've been here _____ 1989.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B.since

 

　　C.on

 

　　D.for

 

　　實(shí)戰(zhàn)：

 

　　1. ______man in brown is _____friend of my fathere's .

 

　　A. The.. the

 

　　B. The ... a

 

　　C. A... a

 

　　D. A... the

 

　　2. Here is a letter ______ you. It's ______your aunt.

 

　　A. to... for

 

　　B. for... to

 

　　C. from ... to

 

　　D. for ... from

 

　　3. The twins are ____ interested in Chinese food.

 

　　A. all

 

　　B. both

 

　　C. neither

 

　　D. each

 

　　4. It is ______ hot in Nanjing in summer.

 

　　A. too much

 

　　B. much too

 

　　C. much more

 

　　D. so much

 

　　5.That's too dear. Have you got_______?

 

　　A. cheaper something

 

　　B. everything cheaper

 

　　C. cheaper anything

 

　　D. anything cheaper

 

　　6. --Can I go out to play football now?

 

　　--No, you _______. You must do your homework first.

 

　　A. won't

 

　　B. can't

 

　　C. needn't

 

　　D. don't

 

　　7. The boy didn't go to bed _______ he was asked to.

 

　　A. while

 

　　B. since

 

　　C. until

 

　　D. as soon as

 

　　8. Lesson Two is ______ than Lesson One .

 

　　A. much difficult

 

　　B. much more difficult

 

　　C. the most difficult

 

　　D. little difficult

 

　　9. You'd better _______ here any longer.

 

　　A. don't stay

 

　　B. not to stay

 

　　C. to not stay

 

　　D. not stay

 

　　10. It _______ him half an hour to ride a bike to get here.

 

　　A. spent

 

　　B. used

 

　　C. took

 

　　D. paid

 

　　11. Mrs Read doesn't know ______ for her daughter.

 

　　A. what will she buy

 

　　B. which will she buy

 

　　C. to buy what

 

　　D. what she will buy

 

　　12. These childern have never seen snow, _______they?

 

　　A. do

 

　　B. don't

 

　　C. haven't

 

　　D. have

 

　　13. Why _______ shopping at once?

 

　　A. don't go

 

　　B. not go to

 

　　C. didin't go

 

　　D. not go

 

　　14. The Great Wall ______ all over the world .

 

　　A. is being known

 

　　B. was known

 

　　C. has known

 

　　D. is known

 

　　15. My friend has worked in that hospital_________.

 

　　A. since it opened

 

　　B. for it opened

 

　　C. since it opens

 

　　D. since it is open